1. 跳转至内容
  2. 跳转至主菜单
  3. 跳转到更多DW网站

中国宣布适度刺激经济增长

2012年10月14日

中国经济已经连续7个季度增长缓慢。10月14日,率团出席国际货币基金组织(IMF)和世界银行东京年会的中国人民银行副行长易纲宣布了一项刺激经济方案。

https://p.dw.com/p/16PvT
Chinese factory workers make clothes to be exported at a garment factory in Haian county, Nantong city, east Chinas Jiangsu province, 21 May 2009.Chinas exports narrowly edged ahead of those from Germany in the first six months of the year, new figures showed on Monday (24 August 2009), in a fresh sign that the latters status as the worlds leading exporter is at risk. China exported goods worth $521.7 billion in the first six months of this year, while Germanys total was $521.6 billion, the Geneva-based World Trade Organisation reported.. Foto: Qiu wenshan/Imaginechina +++(c) dpa - Report+++
中国纺织工人图像来源: picture-alliance/ dpa

(德国之声中文网)尽管中国多次放宽利率政策,但是经济仍然没有能够出现强劲增长。专家预计,从7月到9月,作为世界第二大经济体的中国经济出现连续第七个季度的缓慢增长。在此背景下,中国央行副行长易纲周日宣布了一项财政与货币刺激方案。他表示,该刺激方案就规模而言会是适度的。这一点证实了中国进一步利用货币政策促进经济的猜测。分析师周六还表示,鉴于强劲的出口数据,预计暂时不会有降息的可能性。

经济增长创13年最低

中国的国内生产总值(GDP)的最新数据将于周四公布。2012 年,中国的的经济预计将增长7.7%,这是13年来最低的增长率。2011年11月以来,为了刺激经济复苏,央行已两次降低利率,3次下调银行最低存款准备金。为经济注入1.2万亿元人民币(1900亿美元)。政府也拿出1570 亿美元改善基础设施。

In this photo taken Wednesday, Dec. 7, 2011, workers take rest near a vehicle moving a container at a port in Shanghai, China. China's exports slowed in November on slack demand in the U.S. and European markets, as its overall trade surplus plunged 35 percent from a year earlier to $14.5 billion. (AP Photo) CHINA OUT
出口集装箱图像来源: AP

中国央行副行长易纲说,"我认为,这一次的经济刺激计划从规模上来说是适当的"。这就是说,有充足的资金来保障稳定的增长,而不会造成不良后果。和整个经济发展趋势相反,中国外贸9月份强劲增长,实现了277亿美元的贸易盈余。这比预计高出七十亿美元,比年增长率高出9%。投资增长5% 。进口比去年同期增长2.4%。8月份,出口只增长2.7%,而进口则下降了2.6%。 华融证券首席策略分析师肖波在北京表示"出口数据远高于预期。这是一个信号,证明海外市场正在复苏。"

Textilindustrie in China Workers produce garments at the Quanxin Knitting Factory, a Chinese manufacturer that has produced garments for name brands such as Puma, Reebok and Umbro and exports to the USA, Europe and Japan, in Guangzhou, China, Thursday 17 March 2005. China is attempting to persuade EU and US industry officials against further restrictions on Chinese textile imports, which non-Chinese manufacturers have been pressing for, according to state media. EPA/MICHAEL REYNOLDS +++(c) dpa - Report+++
纺织工厂图像来源: picture-alliance/dpa

中国外贸有喜有忧

中国的外贸统计数据显示有喜有忧,例如,对欧盟的出口虽然比2011年9月增长了9.8%,而上一年的平均增长则为10.7%。与此相反,对美国的出口年增长率仅增加了5.5%,对东南亚国家出口增长却超过25%。

据中国官方新华社报道,虽然9月份中国的出口增长超过预期,但在近期内外贸大幅度增长的可能性不大。由于国庆节之际全国从9月30日起放假一周,因此一些出口企业提前供货也是导致9月出口显著增加的原因之一。

 而进口的增长的得益于部分刺激经济的措施,但并没有达到政府预定的目标。北京原本计划在今年使外贸额提高10个百分点,但截至目前,增幅仅为6.2%。

Female Chinese workers make clothings to be exported to the United States and Europe at a garment factory in Huaibei city, east Chinas Anhui province, 10 November 2010. Chinas consumer price index (CPI), the countrys gauge for inflation, rose 4.4% in October from a year earlier, accelerating from Septembers 3.6% rise, government data showed Thursday (11 November 2010). The producer price index, a gauge of factory-gate prices, rose 5.0% in October from a year earlier, higher than Septembers 4.3% rise and above the median 4.6% rise economists had expected. The CPI rose 3.0% the January-October period from a year earlier, and the PPI rose 5.5%.
纺织女工图像来源: picture alliance / Xie zhengyi - Imaginechina

因欧洲债务危机和美国经济疲软导致欧美市场对中国产品的需求下降,使得中国的对外贸易增速减缓,同时明显遏制了经济的增长。世界银行5月份曾预测今年中国经济的增长幅度可达8.2%,现在已经下调到只有7.7%。

来源:德新社/路透社  编译:李京慧

责编:谢菲