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旅游法改变台湾旅游生态

2013年10月9日

大陆旅游法10月1日上路,适逢大陆 “十一黄金周”,到台湾的陆客不减反增。但部分旅游业仍感受强烈冲击,面临转型压力。

https://p.dw.com/p/19wVv
Travelers from Chinese mainland pose for a photo as the Taipei 101 skyscraper is seen in the background, in Taipei, Taiwan, March 16, 2009. Taiwan has seen a sudden spike in tourism from Chinese mainland, as an effort by Beijing to improve ties helps its political rival battle recession with a long-sought boost to the service sector. The number of tourists from mainland has reached an average of 2,285 per day since February when the new push began. The sudden boom, which comes as people around the world cut back on travel amid the global economic crisis, has fuelled a rally in tourism stocks, with Taiwans two leading airlines, China Airlines and Eva Airways, both up more than 20% over the last week and the broader tourism sub-index up 16%. Foto: Udndata/IMaginechina +++(c) dpa - Report+++
大陆游客来台湾图像来源: picture-alliance/dpa

(德国之声中文网)大陆旅游法10月1日正式上路,旅行社不得以不合理的低价组团,并通过安排旅客到特定商店购物或者另行付费旅游项目,获取回扣等不正当利益。因此许多人预测,来台陆客可能大幅减少。但拜"十一黄金周"之赐,到台湾的陆客不减反增。根据移民署的统计,从10月1日到10月7日,来台自由行陆客高达2万3千多人,陆客团约2万5千多人,总人数逼近5万,远多于去年同期的3万5千多人,创下历史新高。

自由行 未来主流

其中,"十一"长假的首日,也就是10月1日,来台自由行陆客达9,300多人,创下单日最高记录。2012年来台旅游的陆客中,自由行人数仅占总数的10%,今年1到8月上升到20%。在"十一黄金周"却几乎占了一半,而且后势看涨。"中国海峡旅行社"董事长许淑玲在接受德国之声访问时指出,主要原因是部分承接陆客团来台的旅行社削价竞争,造成旅行品质参差不齐。而旅游法上路后,团费遽涨,旅客既然必须花等值的团费旅行,不如选择自由行,语言即通,又可以随心所欲到想去的地方,看想看的东西。因此,来台湾旅游的陆客已逐渐选择自由行。

Travelers from Chinese mainland visit the Taroko Park, in Taiwan, March 17, 2009. Taiwan has seen a sudden spike in tourism from Chinese mainland, as an effort by Beijing to improve ties helps its political rival battle recession with a long-sought boost to the service sector. The number of tourists from mainland has reached an average of 2,285 per day since February when the new push began. The sudden boom, which comes as people around the world cut back on travel amid the global economic crisis, has fuelled a rally in tourism stocks, with Taiwans two leading airlines, China Airlines and Eva Airways, both up more than 20% over the last week and the broader tourism sub-index up 16%. Foto: Udndata/IMaginechina +++(c) dpa - Report+++
大陆游客在太鲁隔国家公园图像来源: picture-alliance/dpa

虽然自由行人数激增,陆客团部分却减少约400人。观光局业务组组长赖炳荣在接受德国之声访问时解释,由于对旅游法的内容不够熟悉,大陆许多旅行业者纷纷鼓励旅客赶在旅游法实施之前来台,以规避可能的限制。所以造成9月来台人数比起去年同期剧增33%。而10月来台的旅客,特别是团客部分,就相对减少。团体客减少的最终原因当然是:"旅游法实施之后,旅游价钱部分提高,上涨的幅度从4成到一倍不等,高价让一些游客裹足不前。"

严重冲击接待陆客团的观光业者

"我们的客人大约少个3到4成!",游览车司机陈万福告诉德国之声记者,这一周来陆客团人数明显下降。陈万福的游览车就停在台北忠烈祠前方,他正在等旅游团员上车。而忠烈词附近专做陆客生意的碧海山庄饭馆,顾客也不如往昔多。餐厅经理告诉记者,他们的客源从10月以来少了三分之一到一半。

受冲击最大的是过去专门接待陆客团的部分购物店、旅店、餐厅和游览车业者:许多商店出现门可罗雀的现象;有些店家放店员无薪假,或调整工时为半日;部分饭店陆客团住房率减为原先的2成;有些游览车队业务减少9成。负面影响一一浮现。

Travelers from Chinese mainland show goods they just bought at the Taipei 101, in Taipei, Taiwan, March 16, 2009. Taiwan has seen a sudden spike in tourism from Chinese mainland, as an effort by Beijing to improve ties helps its political rival battle recession with a long-sought boost to the service sector. The number of tourists from mainland has reached an average of 2,285 per day since February when the new push began. The sudden boom, which comes as people around the world cut back on travel amid the global economic crisis, has fuelled a rally in tourism stocks, with Taiwans two leading airlines, China Airlines and Eva Airways, both up more than 20% over the last week and the broader tourism sub-index up 16%. Foto: Udndata/IMaginechina +++(c) dpa - Report+++
在台北101购物的大陆游客图像来源: picture-alliance/dpa

许淑玲称,她曾听闻,有一些专门接待陆客团的同业,自从旅游法实施后,业绩下滑约7成。她庆幸自己的公司业绩不但没有萎缩,反而逆势成长,因为她一向做的是大陆公务团的生意,经营所谓的"优质团"。她回忆四年前刚开放陆客来台观光时,北京出发到台湾8天7夜的旅游行程要价约8000人民币,经过4年来业者的竞相削价,同样的旅行竟然只要4000人民币,根本不敷成本。"中国海峡旅行社"的商务入境部总监叶宗宏告诉记者:"羊毛出在羊身上,旅行社最后只好把客人带去特定商店购物,再从购物的回扣中,赚取旅客应付的旅费部分。"

农历春节前回温

赖炳荣认为,旅游法上路初期,陆客团人数下降是正常现象。很多旅游业者及大陆民众因为不很清楚旅游法的规范界线,所以会担心。经过一段时间的了解及适应,旅客会了解,虽然团费会比以往高,但可以获得更多的保障,旅游品质也会提高,届时陆客团来台人数就会回稳。许淑玲也称,旅游法对所有的旅游业会产生"正面的、良性的"效应。

赖炳荣称,观光局其实一直在推动"优质旅行",趁旅游法上路,刚好鼓励业者积极调整体质、脱胎换骨,如此对旅游业的永续经营绝对有正面意义。赖炳荣认为阵痛期应该会持续3到4个月,最后陆客还是会重返台湾旅游,因为台湾的风景和人文对许多陆客还是有相当的吸引力。

作者:邱璧辉

责编:李鱼