Janar Murtala Ramat Muhammed

An haifi Marigayi Janar Murtala Mohammed ranar 8 ga watan Nowamna na shekarar 1938 a garin Kano da ke yankin arewacin kasar. Bayan kammala babbar makaranta ya shiga aikin soja inda ya halarci makantar horas da sojoji ta Birtaniya, Sandhurst. Kuma ya samu horo tare da kwarewa kan aikewa da sakonni na soja.

Janar Murtala ya ksance daya daka cikin dakarun Najeriya da suka yi aiki kiyaye zaman lafiya a kasar Kwamgo, wadda yanzu ake kira Jamhuriyar Dekaradiyyar Kwango kuma akwai sojojin Najeriya masu yawa da suka yi wannan aiki a farkon shekarun 1960.

Lamuran Najeria sun sauya a bangaren siyasa da soja, bayan juyin mulkin ranar 15 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1966. Kuma sakamakon kisan da aka yi wa Firaminista Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, da wasu 'yan siyasa gami da wasu manyan habsoshin soja musamman daga yankin arewaci da kuma yankin kudu maso yammaci, haka ya haifar da tsamin dangantaka cikin rundinar sojan kasar.

Saboda sassauta halin da ake ciki Janar Johnson Thomas Aguiyi-Ironsi, wanda ya dauki madafun iko ya nada Lt kanar Yakubu Gowon, wanda ya zama habsan soja mafi girman mukami daga arewaci a matsayin babban habsan sojan kasa, yayin da Murtala Mohammed yake rike da mukamun Lt Kanar na wuncin gadi a matsayin mai kula da aikewa da sakanni na rundunar soja.

Saboda rashin gurfanar da sojoji da suka jagoranci kifar da gwamnatin Jamhuriya ta Farko a gaban kotu. Wasu habsoshin sojoji sun shirya wani juyin mulki karkashin jagoranci Lt Kanar Murtala Mohammed, da Major Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma da kuma Captain Martin Adamu, gami da wasu habsoshin soja mafi yawa daga yankin arewaci.

Sojojin sun kifar da gwamnatin Janar Aguiyi Ironsi ranar 29 ga watan Yulin na shekarar 1966, kuma Janar Ironsi ya rasa ransa, lokacin da wasu sojoji karkashin jagoranci Major TY Danjuma suka yi kundunbala suka kutsa a gidan gwamnatin Lardin Yammaci da ke birnin Ibadan, inda suka cafke shugaban gwamnatin mulkin sojan Janar Iraonsi da gwamnan jihar na wannan lokaci LT Kanar Adekunle Fajuyi. Shekarar 1966 ta zama mai tasiri bisa siyasa da zamantakewa kasar saboda abubuwa da suka faru na tarihi.

Bayan tattaunawa ta godon lokaci daga bangarori jami'an da suka hada da jami'an diplomasiyan kasashen Amirka da Birtaniya, an amince da nada Lt Kanar Yakubu Gowon a matsayin shugaban gwamnatin mulki soja, wanda a lokacin ke zama habsan soja mafi girman mukamu daga yankin arewacin Najeriya. Kuma Murtala Mohammed ya taka mahimmaniyar rawa wajen tabbatar da tsayuwar gwamnatin ta Gowon. Sannan ya sake taka mahimmaiyar rawa yayin yakin basasan Najeriya da ya goce cikin shekarar 1967 wanda ya kawo karshe a farkon shekarar 1970. Daga bisani gwamnatin ta Gowon ta nada Murtala Mohammed wanda ya zama Brigadier mukamun ministan sadarwa.

Murtala yana kan mukamun lokacin da juyin mulkin ranar 29 ga watan Yuli shekarar 1975 ya kawo shi kan madafun iko, juyin mulkin da ya yi awun gaba da gwamnati Janar Yakubu Gowon, lokacin da Gowon ke halartar taron kungiyar hadin kan kasashen Afirka a birnin Kampala na kasar Uganda.

Gwamnatin Marigayi Janar Murtala Mohammed ta dauki matakan daban-daban, abin da yasa har yau yake cikin shugabannin da ke zukatan 'yan Najeriya.

Amma gwamnati ta Janar Murtala Mohamed ta kawo karshe cikin watanni shida, sakamakon kisan gillar da aka yi masa ranar 13 ga watan Febrairun shekarar 1976, lokacin da Lt Kanar Buka Suka Dimka ya harbe shi, yayin wani yunkurin juyin mulki.

Wannan juyin mulki bai yi nasara ba, kuma kwana bayan mutuwar Marigyi Janar Murtla Mohammed an nada Lt Janar Olusegun Obasanjo, a matsayin shugaban kasa, kuma kafin lokacin shi ke zama babban habsa mai kula da sha'anin mulki a fadar shugaban kasa kuma mataimakin shugaban kasar. Marigayi Janar Murtala bayan rasuwar naira 7 da kobo 20 ya mallaka a asusu ajiya na banki.

Marigayi Janar Murtala Ramat Mohammed ya bar duniya yana da shekaru 37 da haihuwa, ya bar mata da 'ya'ya. Yanzu haka hoton Marigayin ke kan daya daga cikin kudin kasar Naira 20, da kuma babban filin saukan jiragen sama na birnin Lagos. Kuma kamar yadda ya tsaro sojoji sun mika mulki wa Jamhuriya ta Biyu ranar daya ga waran Oktoba shekarar 1979, inda Alhaji Shehu Aliyu Shagari ya karbi madafun iko bayan lashe zaben da aka gudanar.

Mawallafi: Suleiman Babayo
Edita: Pinado Abdu Waba