Taron Wannsee shekaru 70 da suka wuce

A daidai ranar ashirin ga watan janairun shekara ta 1942 aka tsayar da shawarar kammala ta'asar kisanm kiyashi akan Yahudawa da 'yan Nazin suka gabatar tun da farkon fari. Tun abin da ya kama daga shekara ta 1992 aka mayar da wannan wurin, wani dandali na tarihi domin tunawa da wannan mummunar ta'asa.

A daidai lokacin zaman shari'ar da aka ƙaddamar a garin Nürnberg akan wasu jami'an ma'aikatar harkokin waje, a watan mayun shekara ta 1947, wasu kundaye na ma'aikatar ta harkokin waje uka shiga hannun muƙaddashin babban mai ɗaukaka ƙara Robert Kempner. Ɗaya daga cikin kundayen ya ɗauki hankalinsa saboda kanun da aka rubuta masa da jan tawada dake cewar:"Takardun asiri na gwamnati". Wannan tsintuwar ta kasance mai muhimmancin gaske, saboda ta kasance wata kyakkyawar shaida a game da matakin da aka ɗauka na yi wa Yahudawa kisan ƙare dangi a nahiyar Turai. A taron na jami'an Nazin-Hitler a Wannsee, an ƙiyasce yawan Yahudawa a nahiyar Turai ya kai miliyan goma sha ɗaya. Ko da yake kofi talatin ne aka samar na wannan shawarar da taron ya cimma a game da anin da suka kira wai warware matsalar yahudawa baki ɗaya, amma kofi ɗaya ne kawai ya rage, wanda kuma shi ne ya zama toshen matsayin ginin da ya karɓi baƙuncin taron yanzu haka. Domin kuwa tuni ya zama wani dandalin da masu sha'awar tarihi ke kai masa ziyara tun bayan gabatar da shi a shekara ta 1992. Shugaban dandalin na tarihi Norbert Kampe yayi bayani akan haka yana mai cewar:

Norbert Kampe shugaban gidan tarihin taron Wannsee

"Wani abin da ba mu yi tsammaninsa ba da farko shi ne kasancewar irin rawar da wannan tarihi ke takawa a wajen matasa da ma masu yawon buɗe ido. Birnin Berlin na ɗaukar hankali9n jama'a don neman bayanai na tarihi. A baya ga gidajen tarihi da na wasannin kwaikwayo, akwai wuraren da aka tanadar don tunasarwa da ɗanyyen mulkin kama-karya na 'yan Nazi da kuma 'yan kwaminis. Mutane na amfani da wannan dama sosain da sosai."

Kimanin kashi biyu bisa uku na maziyartan 'yan ƙasashen waje ne kuma galibi daga Isra'ila. Mai yiwuwa hakan na da nasaba ne da hafsan sojan Hitler mai suna Adolf Eichmann, wanda shim ne ainihin wanda ya rubuta takardar ƙudurin na taron Wannsee shekaru saba'in da suka wuce. A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin gaggan masu miyagun laifuka na yaƙi da ake nema ruwa a jallo, an gabatar da shari'a kansa a bainar jama'a a birnin Ƙudus shekara ta 1961. A lokacin zaman shari'ar dai Eichmann ya haƙiƙance da abubuwan da aka tattauna, inda mai ɗaukaka ƙaran ya tambaye shi ko shin yana iya tunawa da sakin layin ƙudurin dake cewar taron ya tattauna matakai iri dabam-dabam a game da shawo kan matsalar yahudawan.

Adolf Eichmann wanda aka yi shari'arsa a Ƙudus 1961

"I ina iya tunawa da dukkan abubuwan da ya ƙunsa, ƙwarai kuwa. Mun tattauna ne a game da irin matakai na kisa da zamu iya ɗauka kansu."

A haƙiƙa dai kundin kansa bai ƙunshi wani takamaiman bayani a game da yadda za a yi wa yahudawan kisan ƙare dangi ba. Amma kuma idan mutum yayi bita da idanun basira zai gane cewar maganar da aka yi game da canza wa yahudawan mazauni zuwa gabacin Turai, shi ne ainihin maƙasudin yi musu kisan ƙare dangi. Sai dai kuma duk da haka a farkon shekarun 1990 sai da aka ji daga bakin wani masanin tarihin da ake kira Eberhard Jäckel yana mai yin nuni da taron na Wannsee da kasancewa mai ɗaure kai. Amma a halin yanzu an samu kyakkyawan ci gaba dangane da wannan lamari in ji abokin aikin Jäckel, Peter Klein, wanda asakamakon zagayowar shekara ta saba'in da ƙaddamar da wannan taro, ya kira wani taron ƙasa da ƙasa na masana tarihi a birnin Berlin. Wasu fassarori guda biyu ne dai aka fi ba da la'akari da su lokacin taron:

Taron ƙara wa juna ilimi na malaman makaranta a gidan tarihi na Wannsee

"A ɓangare guda, akwai rukunin farko na jami'an Nazin da suka tsayar da shawara a game da wannan ƙuduri na Hitler. Wannan rukunin ya ƙunshi manyan muƙarrabansa ne da sauran masu faɗa a ji a harkar 'yan Nazin. Ɗaya fassarar da aka bayar kuma ita ce game da yiwuwar taron ya kasance wani mataki ne na farko akan hanyar yi wa yahudawan kisan ƙare dangi."

Shugaban jami'an tsaro na 'yan sanda Reinhard Heydrich, shim ne ya jagoranci zaman taron na Wannsee, kuma kashi hamsin cikin ɗarim na waɗanda suka halarci zauren gaggan masana ne waɗanda ke da cikakkiyar masaniya a game da yadda za a gama da yahudawan baki ɗaya. A dai halin yanzu haka manyan masana tarihi su goma sha biyar na ƙoƙarin binciken halayyarsu ta hanyar wasannin kwaikwayo da bitar kundayen bayanai a ainihin dandalin na tarihi. Hans-Christian Jasch na ɗaya daga cikin masu wasan kwaikwayon a matsayin Dr. Wilhelm Stuckart, ministan cikin gida na daular Hitler:

Bayanai na tarihin taron Wannsee

"A cikin ƙudurin dai yayi bayani da cewar wajibi ne a ɗauki matakaina toshe dukkan hanyoyin haihuwa. Dangane da 'yan ruwa biyu kuma wajibi ne majalisar dokoki ta fara tunanin yadda za a iya kashe waɗannan auratayya. Gaba ɗaya shi Wilhelm Stuckart ba mutumin kirki ba ne kuma kwaikwayonsa akwai wahala. Dukkanmu matsalar na ci mana tuwo a ƙwarya, saboda babu mutumin kirki ko guda ɗaya a cikinsu."

Wannan ƙoƙarin da masana tarihi ke yi na fahimtar aikihin maganar warware matsalar yahudawan abu ne dake yin tuni da yadda har yau, shekaru saba'in bayan taron na Wannsee, ake ci gaba da lalube a cikin dufu ba tare da hangen wani haske ba. Shi kansa darektan gidan tarihin Nobert Kampe ya ce ya kan lura da hakan a duk lokacin da matasa suka ziyarci dandalin, inda su kan taɓo batutuwan 'yan tsagera na mazan-jiya da masu fafutukar sake raya manufofin Hitloer da a halin yanzu ke ci wa mutane tuwo a ƙwarya a nan ƙasar. Maganar ma dai ta kan ɗauki wani salo na dabam idan ya kasance a tsakanin 'yan makarantan akwai masu tushe na Larabawa ko Palasɗinawa.

P/M Isra'ila Benjamin Netanyahu a gidan tarihin taron Wannsee

"Galibi su kan yi nuni da cewar ai abin da Hitler yayi wa Yahudawa a zamanin baya, shi ne ainihin abin da Isra'ila ke yi wa Palasɗinawa. A irin wannan hali wajibi ne a gabatar da bayani akan banbancin dake akwai. Tilas mu yi taka-tsantsan wajen mayar da martani tare da nuna halin sanin ya kamata. Babban abin da muke fata shi ne mu wayar da kan jama'a bisa manufa."

Wato dai a taƙaice gidan tarihin na Wannsee tamkar wata cibiya ce ta ba da tarbiya in ji Norbert Kampe. Amma fa a tarihance yankin zai ci gaba da kasancewa matattarar masu laifukan ta'asar Nazin-Hitler a nahiyarb Turai, har kwanan gobe.

Mawallafi: Marcel Fürstenau/Ahmad Tijani Lawal

Edita: Umaru Aliyu