Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Hadin kai maimakon rarrabuwar kawuna

A Lokacin da aka kafa Kungiyar Hadin kan Afirka (OAU) a ranar 25 ga mayun 1963, kasashe 30 da suka riga suka samu 'yancin kansu ne suka zama membobinta. Burin da shugabannin wancan lokaci suka sa a gaba shi ne cetota daga rugujewa. A wannan lokaci ana fama da yakin cacar baka, kana ana samun sabanin ra'ayi game da mulkin mallaka da ke ci. Wannan hoton na taron OAU na shekarar 1966 ne.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

'Yan rajin Afirka daya al'uma daya

Kwame Nkrumah (a hagu), shugaban farko na kasar Ghana da takwaran aikinsa Haile Selassie na Ethiopiya (a tsakiya), sun yi ruwa da tsaki wajen kafa OAU. Nkrumah ya yi begen ganin nahiyar ta zama "Hadeddiyar nahiyar Afirka" domin ta samu karfin kalubalantar kasashen yamma da suka ci gaba, tare da bunkasa tattalin arzikinta. Sai dai haryanzu kasashen da suka samu 'yancin kai ba su bayar da kai ba.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Hada karfi domin yakar Apartheid

Babbar manufa da Kungiyar Hadin kan Afirka ta sa a gaba a shekaru 10 na farko shi ne yaki da Apartheid wato wariyar launin fata a kasar Afitka ta Kudu.Da ma tun a shekarunta na farko wato a shekarun 1970 OAU ta hada karfi da karfe, inda ta kafa kwimiti da ke goyon bayan gaggwarmaya da makamai da 'yan kasar ke yi domin yakar Apartheid.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Sabon tsari na tattalin arziki

OAU ta kafa wani tsari a shekarar 1980 a Lagos da nufin bunkasa tattalin arzikin kasashen Afirka. Wannan yarjejeniya ta tanadi yin tsudeni in tsudeka a sigar cinikayya tsakanin kasashen Afirka kafin shekara ta 2000. Sai dai har yanzu haka ba ta cimma ruwa ba. A shekarar 1991 ma an sake cimma wata sabuwar yarjejeniya a Abuja da ke neman cika wannan buri a Afirka kan nan da shekara ta 2025.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Akidar kawo karshen mamaya

Duk da ka'idar da ta gindaya na kin shata wata sabuwar taswira a Afirka, amma kuma a 1982 OAU ta amince da "Jamhuriyar larabawa ta Sahraouie"l a matsayin 'yantaciyar kasa bayan da Polisario ta ayyanata. Saboda haka ne Moroko ta raba gari da kungiyar. Ya zuwa yanzu dai ita ce kawai ta fita daga kungiyar ta kasashen Afirka tun bayan kafata..

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Sukar manufar tarayya

Rikicin Sahara Moroko na ci gaba da zama halin ba sabon ba na OAU. Ta ci gaba da amfani da manufarta ta rashin yin shisshigi. Ko da a yakin basasa a Rwanda ma, ta yi ta sara ta na duban bakin gatari.Saboda haka ne wasu 'yan boko ke danganta taron kolinta na Addis Abeba da taron 'yan kama karya. Daya daga cikin masu wannan ra'ayi, shi ne Yoweri Museveni da ya dare kan kujerar mulkin Uganda a 1986.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Kin amincewa da juyin mulki

A farkon shekarun 1990 OAU ta canja kamun ludayinta game da rikice rikicen da ke kunno kai a kasashen Afirka. Saboda haka ne ta kafa wani tsari na wanzar da zaman lafiya a cikinsu.Ko da a lokacin da sojoji suka gudanar da juyin mulki a Burundi a 1996, sai da ta aza wa kasar takunkumi. Sai dai ba ta cika amfani da wannan tsari ba saboda matsaloli ciki har da na kudi da OAU ta ke fama da shi.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Sannu ba ta hana zuwa

Kasaitacen biki OAU ta shirya lokacin da Afirka ta Kudu ta zama mamba a 1994, shekaru 30 bayan kafata.Tun daga wannan lokaci kasar ta Afirka ta Kudu ta ke ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cibiyar OAU da ke birnin Addis Abeba, kasancewarta daya daga cikin giwayen nahiyar.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Girka sabon babi a OAU

Bayan karshen yakin cacar baka da kuma na Apartheid a Afirka ta Kudu OAU ta fara neman dora kanta akan wata sabuwar turba a 1999. Shugaban Libya Muammar al-Gaddafi (anan lokacin taron 2006) ya bayar da shawarar farfado da shirin kafa "Hadeddiyar nahiyar Afirka". Ya yi amfani da dukiyarsa wajen ganin cewa haka ta cimma ruwa.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Daga OAU zuwa AU

Hakar Gaddafi ba ta cimma ruwaq ba. Maimakon haka ma rarrabuwar kawuna aka samu tsakanin kasashen Afirka bayan rikidewar kungiyar OAU zuwa Kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka AU a birnin Durban na Afirka ta Kudu a shekara ta 2002.Yarjejeniyar kafa AU ta bai wa kasashe membobinta damar ci gaba da cin gashin kansu.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Tafiyar hawainiya na hukumomi

AU ta dauki Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai a matsayin abin misali wajen cimma burin da ta sa a gaba, na kafa majalisar dokokin kasashen Afirka. A 2004 ta yi nasarar kafa wannan majalisa a karon farko da ta kunshi mambobi 235 da suka fito daga kasashe 47. Sai dai ratar da ke tsakanin majalisar da kuma cibiyar Au da ke birnin Addis Abeba na nunawa a fili zahirin yadda al'amura ke tafiyar hawainiya.

Jerin ayyukan AU cikin shekaru 50

Sabon tsarin zaman lafiya

A farkon shekarun 2000 rikice rikice sun shafi kashi 20 cikin 100 na 'al'umar nahiyar Afirka walau kai tsaye ko kuma a fakaice. Samar da dawwamammiyar zaman lafiya na ci gaba da zama burin AU. A 2004 ta kafa kwamitin zaman lafiya da tsaro da ke da hurumin kai dauki idan rikici ya barke a wata kasar Afirka. A wannan shekarar ce Au ta tura da sojoji domin kare fararen hula a Darfur na Sudan.

Mawallafi: Maja Braun | Edita: Mouhamadou Awal/ SUS